Services

    With Kubernetes, you don’t need to modify your application to use an unfamiliar service discovery mechanism. Kubernetes gives Pods their IP addresses and a single DNS name for a set of Pods, and can load-balance across them.

    For more information, see the official documentation of Kubernetes.

    • Headless: The cluster does not generate an IP address for the service, and the service is directly accessed through the backend Pod IP of the service within the cluster. This type is suitable for backend heterogeneous services, such as services that need to distinguish between master and agent.

    Tip

    In KubeSphere, stateful and stateless Services are created with a virtual IP by default. If you want to create a Headless Service, use YAML to configure it directly.

    You need to create a workspace, a project and a user (). The user must be invited to the project with the role of operator. For more information, see .

    KubeSphere provides three basic methods to create a Service: Stateless Service, Stateful Service, and External Service. Besides, you can also customize a Service through Specify Workload and Edit YAML under Customize Service.

    • Stateless Service

      Stateless Services are the most commonly used Services in container services. They define the Pod template to control the Pod status, including rolling updates and rollbacks. A Deployment workload is also created when you create a stateless Service. For more information about stateless Services, see Deployments.

    • Stateful Service

      Stateful Services are used to manage stateful applications, ensuring ordered and graceful deployment and scaling. They also provide stable persistent storage and network identifiers. A StatefulSet workload is also created when you create a stateful Service. For more information about stateful Services, see .

    • External Service

      Different from stateless and stateful Services, an External Service maps a Service to a DNS name instead of a selector. You need to specify these Services in the External Service Address field, indicated by externalName in the YAML file.

    • Specify Workload

    • Edit YAML

      Create a Service directly with YAML. You can upload and download YAML configuration files to and from the console.

      Tip

      The value of annotations:kubesphere.io/serviceType keywords can be defined as: , statefulservice, externalservice and None.

    1. Go to Services under Application Workloads of a project and click Create.

    2. Click Stateless Service.

      Note

      The steps of creating a stateful Service and a stateless Service are basically the same. This example only goes through the process of creating a stateless Service for demonstration purpose.

    Step 2: Enter basic information

    1. In the displayed dialog box, you can see the field Version prepopulated with . You need to define a name for the Service, such as demo-stateless. When you finish, click Next to continue.

      • Name: The name of the Service and Deployment, which is also the unique identifier.
      • Alias: The alias name of the Service, making resources easier to identify.
      • Version: It can only contain lowercase letters and numbers. The maximum length of characters is set to 16.

      Tip

      The value of Name is used in both configurations, one for Deployment and the other for Service. You can see the manifest file of the Deployment and the Service by enabling Edit YAML in the upper-right corner. Below is an example file for your reference.

    Step 3: Set a Pod

    To add a container image for the Service, see Set a Pod for details.

    Tip

    For more information about explanations of dashboard properties, see directly.

    To mount a volume for the Service, see Mount Volumes for details.

    Step 5: Configure advanced settings

    • External Access

      You can expose a Service externally through two methods, NodePort and LoadBalancer.

      • NodePort: A Service is exposed on each node’s IP address at a static port.

      Note

      This value is specified by .spec.type. If you select LoadBalancer, you need to add annotations for it at the same time.

    • Sticky Session

      You may want to route all traffic sent from a single client session to the same instance of an app which runs across multiple replicas. This makes better use of caches as it reduces latency. This behavior of load balancing is called Sticky Sessions.

      You can set the maximum session sticky time in this field, specified by .spec.sessionAffinityConfig.clientIP.timeoutSeconds in the manifest file, which defaults to 10800.

    Details page

    1. After a Service is created, you can click on the right to further edit it, such as its metadata (excluding Name), YAML, port, and Internet access.

      • Edit Information: View and edit the basic information.
      • Edit YAML: View, upload, download, or update the YAML file.
      • Edit Service: View the access type and set selectors and ports.
      • Edit External Access: Edit external access method for the Service.
      • Delete: When you delete a Service, associated resources will be displayed. If you check them, they will be deleted together with the Service.

    2. Click the name of the Service and you can go to its details page.

      • Click More to expand the drop-down menu which is the same as the one in the Service list.
      • The Pod list provides detailed information of the Pod (status, node, Pod IP and resource usage).
      • You can view the container information by clicking a Pod item.
      • Click the container log icon to view output logs of the container.
      • You can view the Pod details page by clicking the Pod name.

    1. Click the Resource Status tab to view information about the Service ports, workloads, and Pods.

    Metadata

    Click the Metadata tab to view the labels and annotations of the Service.

    Events

    Click the Events tab to view the events of the Service.