Practical Common Lisp

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5. Functions

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5. Functions

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14. Files and File I/O
- Reading File Data
- Interacting with the File System
- Other Kinds of I/O
- Reading Binary Data
- Bulk Reads
- File Output
- Closing Files
- Filenames
- How Pathnames Represent Filenames
- Constructing New Pathnames
- Two Representations of Directory Names
3. Practical: A Simple Database
- CDs and Records
- Filing CDs
- Looking at the Database Contents
- Improving the User Interaction
- Saving and Loading the Database
- Querying the Database
- Updating Existing Records–Another Use for WHERE
- Removing Duplication and Winning Big
- Wrapping Up
23. Practical: A Spam Filter
- The Heart of a Spam Filter
- What’s Next
- Training the Filter
- Per-Word Statistics
- Combining Probabilities
- Inverse Chi Square
- Training the Filter
- Testing the Filter
- A Couple of Utility Functions
- Analyzing the Results
21. Programming in the Large: Packages and Symbols
- How the Reader Uses Packages
- A Bit of Package and Symbol Vocabulary
- Three Standard Packages
- Defining Your Own Packages
- Packaging Reusable Libraries
- Importing Individual Names
- Packaging Mechanics
- Package Gotchas
22. LOOP for Black Belts
- The Parts of a LOOP
- Conditional Execution
- Setting Up and Tearing Down
- Termination Tests
- Putting It All Together
- Iteration Control
- Counting Loops
- Looping Over Collections and Packages
- Equals-Then Iteration
- Local Variables
- Destructuring Variables
- Value Accumulation
- Unconditional Execution
18. A Few FORMAT Recipes
- The FORMAT Function
- And More …
- FORMAT Directives
- Basic Formatting
- Character and Integer Directives
- Floating-Point Directives
- English-Language Directives
- Conditional Formatting
- Iteration
- Hop, Skip, Jump
12. They Called It LISP for a Reason: List Processing
- “There Is No List”
- Functional Programming and Lists
- “Destructive” Operations
- Combining Recycling with Shared Structure
- List-Manipulation Functions
- Mapping
- Other Structures
15. Practical: A Portable Pathname Library
- The API
- *FEATURES* and Read-Time Conditionalization
- Listing a Directory
- Testing a File’s Existence
- Walking a Directory Tree
1. Introduction: Why Lisp?
- Why Lisp?
- Where It Began
- Who This Book Is For
9. Practical: Building a Unit Test Framework
- Two First Tries
- Refactoring
- Fixing the Return Value
- Better Result Reporting
- An Abstraction Emerges
- A Hierarchy of Tests
- Wrapping Up
30. Practical: An HTML Generation Library, the Interpreter
- Designing a Domain-Specific Language
- The FOO Language
- Character Escaping
- Indenting Printer
- HTML Processor Interface
- The Pretty Printer Backend
- The Basic Evaluation Rule
- What’s Next?
5. Functions
- Defining New Functions
- Function Parameter Lists
- Optional Parameters
- Rest Parameters
- Keyword Parameters
- Mixing Different Parameter Types
- Function Return Values
- Functions As Data, a.k.a. Higher-Order Functions
- Anonymous Functions
10. Numbers, Characters, and Strings
- Numbers
- Numeric Literals
- Basic Math
- Numeric Comparisons
- Higher Math
- Characters
- Character Comparisons
- Strings
- String Comparisons
26. Practical: Web Programming with AllegroServe
- A 30-Second Intro to Server-Side Web Programming
- AllegroServe
- Generating Dynamic Content with AllegroServe
- Generating HTML
- HTML Macros
- Query Parameters
- Cookies
- A Small Application Framework
- The Implementation
7. Macros: Standard Control Constructs
- WHEN and UNLESS
- COND
- AND, OR, and NOT
- Looping
- DOLIST and DOTIMES
- DO
- The Mighty LOOP
24. Practical: Parsing Binary Files
- Binary Files
- Keeping Track of Inherited Slots
- Tagged Structures
- Primitive Binary Types
- The Current Object Stack
- Binary Format Basics
- Strings in Binary Files
- Composite Structures
- Designing the Macros
- Making the Dream a Reality
- Reading Binary Objects
- Writing Binary Objects
- Adding Inheritance and Tagged Structures
29. Practical: An MP3 Browser
- Playlists
- Playlists As Song Sources
- Manipulating the Playlist
- Query Parameter Types
- Boilerplate HTML
- The Browse Page
- The Playlist
- Finding a Playlist
- Running the App
20. The Special Operators
- Controlling Evaluation
- Manipulating the Lexical Environment
- Local Flow of Control
- Unwinding the Stack
- Multiple Values
- EVAL-WHEN
- Other Special Operators
11. Collections
- Vectors
- Sequence Mapping Functions
- Hash Tables
- Hash Table Iteration
- Subtypes of Vector
- Vectors As Sequences
- Sequence Iterating Functions
- Higher-Order Function Variants
- Whole Sequence Manipulations
- Sorting and Merging
- Subsequence Manipulations
- Sequence Predicates
19. Beyond Exception Handling: Conditions and Restarts
- The Lisp Way
- Conditions
- Condition Handlers
- Restarts
- Providing Multiple Restarts
- Other Uses for Conditions
27. Practical: An MP3 Database
- The Database
- Defining a Schema
- Inserting Values
- Querying the Database
- Matching Functions
- Getting at the Results
- Other Database Operations
32. Conclusion: What’s Next?
- Finding Lisp Libraries
- Interfacing with Other Languages
- Make It Work, Make It Right, Make It Fast
- Delivering Applications
- Where to Go Next
25. Practical: An ID3 Parser
- Structure of an ID3v2 Tag
- Versioned Concrete Frame Classes
- What Frames Do You Actually Need?
- Text Information Frames
- Comment Frames
- Extracting Information from an ID3 Tag
- Defining a Package
- Integer Types
- String Types
- ID3 Tag Header
- ID3 Frames
- Detecting Tag Padding
- Supporting Multiple Versions of ID3
- Versioned Frame Base Classes
31. Practical: An HTML Generation Library, the Compiler
- The Compiler
- FOO Special Operators
- FOO Macros
- The Public API
- The End of the Line
28. Practical: A Shoutcast Server
- The Shoutcast Protocol
- Song Sources
- Implementing Shoutcast
13. Beyond Lists: Other Uses for Cons Cells
- Trees
- Sets
- Lookup Tables: Alists and Plists
- DESTRUCTURING-BIND
16. Object Reorientation: Generic Functions
- Generic Functions and Classes
- Generic Functions and Methods
- DEFGENERIC
- DEFMETHOD
- Method Combination
- The Standard Method Combination
- Other Method Combinations
- Multimethods
- To Be Continued …
8. Macros: Defining Your Own
- The Story of Mac: A Just-So Story
- Macro Expansion Time vs. Runtime
- DEFMACRO
- A Sample Macro: do-primes
- Macro Parameters
- Generating the Expansion
- Plugging the Leaks
- Macro-Writing Macros
- Beyond Simple Macros
2. Lather, Rinse, Repeat: A Tour of the REPL
- Choosing a Lisp Implementation
- Getting Up and Running with Lisp in a Box
- Free Your Mind: Interactive Programming
- Experimenting in the REPL
- “Hello, World,” Lisp Style
- Saving Your Work
6. Variables
- Variable Basics
- Lexical Variables and Closures
- Dynamic, a.k.a. Special, Variables
- Constants
- Assignment
- Generalized Assignment
- Other Ways to Modify Places
4. Syntax and Semantics
- What’s with All the Parentheses?
- Breaking Open the Black Box
- S-expressions
- S-expressions As Lisp Forms
- Function Calls
- Special Operators
- Macros
- Truth, Falsehood, and Equality
- Formatting Lisp Code
17. Object Reorientation: Classes
- DEFCLASS
- Slot Specifiers
- Object Initialization
- Accessor Functions
- WITH-SLOTS and WITH-ACCESSORS
- Class-Allocated Slots
- Slots and Inheritance
- Multiple Inheritance
- Good Object-Oriented Design

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