At the center of the Druid user authentication and authorization model are resources and actions. A resource is something that authenticated users are trying to access or modify. An action is something that users are trying to do.

There are three resource types:

• DATASOURCE – Each Druid table (i.e., in the druid schema in SQL) is a resource.
• CONFIG – Configuration resources exposed by the cluster components.
• STATE – Cluster-wide state resources.

For specific resources associated with the types, see the endpoint list below and corresponding descriptions in API Reference.

There are two actions:

• WRITE – Used for operations that are not read-only.

In practice, most deployments will only need to define two classes of users:

• Administrators, who have WRITE action permissions on all resource types. These users will add datasources and administer the system.
• Data users, who only need READ access to DATASOURCE. These users should access Query APIs only through an API gateway. Other APIs and permissions include functionality that should be limited to server admins.

It is important to note that WRITE access to DATASOURCE grants a user broad access. For instance, such users will have access to the Druid file system, S3 buckets, and credentials, among other things. As such, the ability to add and manage datasources should be allocated selectively to administrators.

If druid.auth.authenticator.<authenticator-name>.initialAdminPassword is set, a default admin user named “admin” will be created, with the specified initial password. If this configuration is omitted, the “admin” user will not be created.

If druid.auth.authenticator.<authenticator-name>.initialInternalClientPassword is set, a default internal system user named “druid_system” will be created, with the specified initial password. If this configuration is omitted, the “druid_system” user will not be created.

Authorizer

There are two action types in Druid: READ and WRITE

There are three resource types in Druid: DATASOURCE, CONFIG, and STATE.

Resource names for this type are datasource names. Specifying a datasource permission allows the administrator to grant users access to specific datasources.

CONFIG

There are two possible resource names for the “CONFIG” resource type, “CONFIG” and “security”. Granting a user access to CONFIG resources allows them to access the following endpoints.

“CONFIG” resource name covers the following endpoints:

“security” resource name covers the following endpoint:

There is only one possible resource name for the “STATE” config resource type, “STATE”. Granting a user access to STATE resources allows them to access the following endpoints.

“STATE” resource name covers the following endpoints:

HTTP methods

GET requires READ permission, while POST and DELETE require WRITE permission.

Queries on Druid datasources require DATASOURCE READ permissions for the specified datasource.

Queries on the INFORMATION_SCHEMA tables will return information about datasources that the caller has DATASOURCE READ access to. Other datasources will be omitted.

Queries on the require the following permissions:

• segments: Segments will be filtered based on DATASOURCE READ permissions.
• servers: The user requires STATE READ permissions.
• server_segments: The user requires STATE READ permissions and segments will be filtered based on DATASOURCE READ permissions.

To prevent excessive load on the Coordinator, the Authenticator and Authorizer user/role Druid metadata store state is cached on each Druid process.

Each process will periodically poll the Coordinator for the latest Druid metadata store state, controlled by the druid.auth.basic.common.pollingPeriod and druid.auth.basic.common.maxRandomDelay properties.

When a configuration update occurs, the Coordinator can optionally notify each process with the updated Druid metadata store state. This behavior is controlled by the enableCacheNotifications and properties on Authenticators and Authorizers.

Note that because of the caching, changes made to the user/role Druid metadata store may not be immediately reflected at each Druid process.