Perform a Rolling Update on a DaemonSet

You need to have a Kubernetes cluster, and the kubectl command-line tool must be configured to communicate with your cluster. It is recommended to run this tutorial on a cluster with at least two nodes that are not acting as control plane hosts. If you do not already have a cluster, you can create one by using minikube or you can use one of these Kubernetes playgrounds:

• Play with Kubernetes

DaemonSet Update Strategy

DaemonSet has two update strategy types:

• OnDelete: With OnDelete update strategy, after you update a DaemonSet template, new DaemonSet pods will only be created when you manually delete old DaemonSet pods. This is the same behavior of DaemonSet in Kubernetes version 1.5 or before.
• RollingUpdate: This is the default update strategy.
  With RollingUpdate update strategy, after you update a DaemonSet template, old DaemonSet pods will be killed, and new DaemonSet pods will be created automatically, in a controlled fashion. At most one pod of the DaemonSet will be running on each node during the whole update process.

To enable the rolling update feature of a DaemonSet, you must set its .spec.updateStrategy.type to RollingUpdate.

You may want to set .spec.updateStrategy.rollingUpdate.maxUnavailable (default to 1), (default to 0) and .spec.maxSurge (a beta feature and defaults to 25%) as well.

This YAML file specifies a DaemonSet with an update strategy as ‘RollingUpdate’

After verifying the update strategy of the DaemonSet manifest, create the DaemonSet:

kubectl create -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/fluentd-daemonset.yaml

Alternatively, use kubectl apply to create the same DaemonSet if you plan to update the DaemonSet with kubectl apply.

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/fluentd-daemonset.yaml

kubectl get ds/fluentd-elasticsearch -o go-template='{{.spec.updateStrategy.type}}{{"\n"}}' -n kube-system

If you haven’t created the DaemonSet in the system, check your DaemonSet manifest with the following command instead:

The output from both commands should be:

RollingUpdate

If the output isn’t RollingUpdate, go back and modify the DaemonSet object or manifest accordingly.

Any updates to a RollingUpdate DaemonSet .spec.template will trigger a rolling update. Let’s update the DaemonSet by applying a new YAML file. This can be done with several different kubectl commands.

controllers/fluentd-daemonset-update.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
    k8s-app: fluentd-logging
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: fluentd-elasticsearch
  updateStrategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxUnavailable: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: fluentd-elasticsearch
    spec:
      tolerations:
      # this toleration is to have the daemonset runnable on master nodes
      # remove it if your masters can't run pods
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
      containers:
      - name: fluentd-elasticsearch
        image: quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v2.5.2
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 200Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
        - name: varlibdockercontainers
          mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containers
          readOnly: true
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log
      - name: varlibdockercontainers
        hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/docker/containers

Declarative commands

If you update DaemonSets using configuration files, use kubectl apply:

kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/controllers/fluentd-daemonset-update.yaml

Imperative commands

If you update DaemonSets using imperative commands, use kubectl edit :

Updating only the container image

If you only need to update the container image in the DaemonSet template, i.e. .spec.template.spec.containers[*].image, use kubectl set image:

kubectl set image ds/fluentd-elasticsearch fluentd-elasticsearch=quay.io/fluentd_elasticsearch/fluentd:v2.6.0 -n kube-system

kubectl rollout status ds/fluentd-elasticsearch -n kube-system

When the rollout is complete, the output is similar to this:

daemonset "fluentd-elasticsearch" successfully rolled out

Troubleshooting

Sometimes, a DaemonSet rolling update may be stuck. Here are some possible causes:

Some nodes run out of resources

The rollout is stuck because new DaemonSet pods can’t be scheduled on at least one node. This is possible when the node is running out of resources.

When this happens, find the nodes that don’t have the DaemonSet pods scheduled on by comparing the output of kubectl get nodes and the output of:

Once you’ve found those nodes, delete some non-DaemonSet pods from the node to make room for new DaemonSet pods.

Note: This will cause service disruption when deleted pods are not controlled by any controllers or pods are not replicated. This does not respect either.

Broken rollout

If the recent DaemonSet template update is broken, for example, the container is crash looping, or the container image doesn’t exist (often due to a typo), DaemonSet rollout won’t progress.

To fix this, update the DaemonSet template again. New rollout won’t be blocked by previous unhealthy rollouts.

Clock skew

Delete DaemonSet from a namespace :

kubectl delete ds fluentd-elasticsearch -n kube-system

What’s next

• See
• See Creating a DaemonSet to adopt existing DaemonSet pods