`read_preferences` – Utilities for choosing which member of a replica set to read from.

class pymongo.read_preferences.Primary

Primary read preference.

When directly connected to one mongod queries are allowed if the server is standalone or a replica set primary.
When connected to a mongos queries are sent to the primary of a shard.
When connected to a replica set queries are sent to the primary of the replica set.
document

Read preference as a document.
mode

The mode of this read preference instance.
name

The name of this read preference.

class pymongo.read_preferences.PrimaryPreferred(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=- 1, hedge=None)

PrimaryPreferred read preference.

When directly connected to one mongod queries are allowed to standalone servers, to a replica set primary, or to replica set secondaries.
When connected to a mongos queries are sent to the primary of a shard if available, otherwise a shard secondary.
When connected to a replica set queries are sent to the primary if available, otherwise a secondary.

Note

When a MongoClient is first created reads will be routed to an available secondary until the primary of the replica set is discovered.

Parameters
- tag_sets: The to use if the primary is not available.
- max_staleness: (integer, in seconds) The maximum estimated length of time a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations. Default -1, meaning no maximum. If it is set, it must be at least 90 seconds.
- hedge: The hedge to use if the primary is not available.

Changed in version 3.11: Added hedge parameter.

property document

Read preference as a document.
property hedge

The read preference hedge parameter.

A dictionary that configures how the server will perform hedged reads. It consists of the following keys:
- enabled: Enables or disables hedged reads in sharded clusters.
Hedged reads are automatically enabled in MongoDB 4.4+ when using a nearest read preference. To explicitly enable hedged reads, set the enabled key to true:

To explicitly disable hedged reads, set the enabled key to False:
```
>>> Nearest(hedge={'enabled': False})
```
New in version 3.11.
property max_staleness

The maximum estimated length of time (in seconds) a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations, or -1 for no maximum.
property min_wire_version

The wire protocol version the server must support.

Some read preferences impose version requirements on all servers (e.g. maxStalenessSeconds requires MongoDB 3.4 / maxWireVersion 5).

All servers’ maxWireVersion must be at least this read preference’s min_wire_version, or the driver raises .
property mode

The mode of this read preference instance.
property mongos_mode

The mongos mode of this read preference.
property name

The name of this read preference.
property tag_sets

Set tag_sets to a list of dictionaries like [{‘dc’: ‘ny’}] to read only from members whose dc tag has the value "ny". To specify a priority-order for tag sets, provide a list of tag sets: [{'dc': 'ny'}, {'dc': 'la'}, {}]. A final, empty tag set, {}, means “read from any member that matches the mode, ignoring tags.” MongoReplicaSetClient tries each set of tags in turn until it finds a set of tags with at least one matching member.

class pymongo.read_preferences.Secondary(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=- 1, hedge=None)

Secondary read preference.

When directly connected to one mongod queries are allowed to standalone servers, to a replica set primary, or to replica set secondaries.
When connected to a mongos queries are distributed among shard secondaries. An error is raised if no secondaries are available.
When connected to a replica set queries are distributed among secondaries. An error is raised if no secondaries are available.
Parameters
- tag_sets: The tag_sets for this read preference.
- max_staleness: (integer, in seconds) The maximum estimated length of time a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations. Default -1, meaning no maximum. If it is set, it must be at least 90 seconds.

Changed in version 3.11: Added hedge parameter.

Read preference as a document.
property hedge

The read preference hedge parameter.

A dictionary that configures how the server will perform hedged reads. It consists of the following keys:
- enabled: Enables or disables hedged reads in sharded clusters.
Hedged reads are automatically enabled in MongoDB 4.4+ when using a nearest read preference. To explicitly enable hedged reads, set the enabled key to true:

To explicitly disable hedged reads, set the enabled key to :
```
>>> Nearest(hedge={'enabled': False})
```
New in version 3.11.
property max_staleness

The maximum estimated length of time (in seconds) a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations, or -1 for no maximum.
property min_wire_version

The wire protocol version the server must support.

Some read preferences impose version requirements on all servers (e.g. maxStalenessSeconds requires MongoDB 3.4 / maxWireVersion 5).

All servers’ maxWireVersion must be at least this read preference’s min_wire_version, or the driver raises .
property mode

The mode of this read preference instance.
property mongos_mode

The mongos mode of this read preference.
property name

The name of this read preference.
property tag_sets

Set tag_sets to a list of dictionaries like [{‘dc’: ‘ny’}] to read only from members whose dc tag has the value "ny". To specify a priority-order for tag sets, provide a list of tag sets: [{'dc': 'ny'}, {'dc': 'la'}, {}]. A final, empty tag set, {}, means “read from any member that matches the mode, ignoring tags.” MongoReplicaSetClient tries each set of tags in turn until it finds a set of tags with at least one matching member.

class pymongo.read_preferences.SecondaryPreferred(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=- 1, hedge=None)

SecondaryPreferred read preference.

When directly connected to one mongod queries are allowed to standalone servers, to a replica set primary, or to replica set secondaries.
When connected to a mongos queries are distributed among shard secondaries, or the shard primary if no secondary is available.
When connected to a replica set queries are distributed among secondaries, or the primary if no secondary is available.

Note

When a MongoClient is first created reads will be routed to the primary of the replica set until an available secondary is discovered.

Parameters
- tag_sets: The for this read preference.
- max_staleness: (integer, in seconds) The maximum estimated length of time a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations. Default -1, meaning no maximum. If it is set, it must be at least 90 seconds.
- hedge: The hedge for this read preference.

Changed in version 3.11: Added hedge parameter.

property document

Read preference as a document.
property hedge

The read preference hedge parameter.

A dictionary that configures how the server will perform hedged reads. It consists of the following keys:
- enabled: Enables or disables hedged reads in sharded clusters.
Hedged reads are automatically enabled in MongoDB 4.4+ when using a nearest read preference. To explicitly enable hedged reads, set the enabled key to true:

To explicitly disable hedged reads, set the enabled key to False:
```
>>> Nearest(hedge={'enabled': False})
```
New in version 3.11.
property max_staleness

The maximum estimated length of time (in seconds) a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations, or -1 for no maximum.
property min_wire_version

The wire protocol version the server must support.

Some read preferences impose version requirements on all servers (e.g. maxStalenessSeconds requires MongoDB 3.4 / maxWireVersion 5).

All servers’ maxWireVersion must be at least this read preference’s min_wire_version, or the driver raises .
property mode

The mode of this read preference instance.
property mongos_mode

The mongos mode of this read preference.
property name

The name of this read preference.
property tag_sets

Set tag_sets to a list of dictionaries like [{‘dc’: ‘ny’}] to read only from members whose dc tag has the value "ny". To specify a priority-order for tag sets, provide a list of tag sets: [{'dc': 'ny'}, {'dc': 'la'}, {}]. A final, empty tag set, {}, means “read from any member that matches the mode, ignoring tags.” MongoReplicaSetClient tries each set of tags in turn until it finds a set of tags with at least one matching member.

class pymongo.read_preferences.Nearest(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=- 1, hedge=None)

Nearest read preference.

When directly connected to one mongod queries are allowed to standalone servers, to a replica set primary, or to replica set secondaries.
When connected to a mongos queries are distributed among all members of a shard.
Parameters
- tag_sets: The tag_sets for this read preference.
- max_staleness: (integer, in seconds) The maximum estimated length of time a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations. Default -1, meaning no maximum. If it is set, it must be at least 90 seconds.
- hedge: The for this read preference.

Changed in version 3.11: Added hedge parameter.

property document

Read preference as a document.
property hedge

The read preference hedge parameter.

A dictionary that configures how the server will perform hedged reads. It consists of the following keys:
- : Enables or disables hedged reads in sharded clusters.
Hedged reads are automatically enabled in MongoDB 4.4+ when using a nearest read preference. To explicitly enable hedged reads, set the enabled key to true:

To explicitly disable hedged reads, set the enabled key to False:
```
>>> Nearest(hedge={'enabled': False})
```
New in version 3.11.
property max_staleness

The maximum estimated length of time (in seconds) a replica set secondary can fall behind the primary in replication before it will no longer be selected for operations, or -1 for no maximum.
property min_wire_version

The wire protocol version the server must support.

Some read preferences impose version requirements on all servers (e.g. maxStalenessSeconds requires MongoDB 3.4 / maxWireVersion 5).

All servers’ maxWireVersion must be at least this read preference’s min_wire_version, or the driver raises ConfigurationError.
property mode

The mode of this read preference instance.
property mongos_mode

The mongos mode of this read preference.
property name

The name of this read preference.
property tag_sets

Set tag_sets to a list of dictionaries like [{‘dc’: ‘ny’}] to read only from members whose dc tag has the value "ny". To specify a priority-order for tag sets, provide a list of tag sets: [{'dc': 'ny'}, {'dc': 'la'}, {}]. A final, empty tag set, {}, means “read from any member that matches the mode, ignoring tags.” MongoReplicaSetClient tries each set of tags in turn until it finds a set of tags with at least one matching member.

class pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference

An enum that defines the read preference modes supported by PyMongo.

See for code examples.

A read preference is used in three cases:

MongoClient connected to a single mongod:

PRIMARY: Queries are allowed if the server is standalone or a replica set primary.
All other modes allow queries to standalone servers, to a replica set primary, or to replica set secondaries.

initialized with the replicaSet option:

PRIMARY: Read from the primary. This is the default, and provides the strongest consistency. If no primary is available, raise AutoReconnect.
PRIMARY_PREFERRED: Read from the primary if available, or if there is none, read from a secondary.
SECONDARY: Read from a secondary. If no secondary is available, raise .
SECONDARY_PREFERRED: Read from a secondary if available, otherwise from the primary.
NEAREST: Read from any member.

MongoClient connected to a mongos, with a sharded cluster of replica sets:

PRIMARY: Read from the primary of the shard, or raise if there is none. This is the default.
PRIMARY_PREFERRED: Read from the primary of the shard, or if there is none, read from a secondary of the shard.
SECONDARY: Read from a secondary of the shard, or raise OperationFailure if there is none.
SECONDARY_PREFERRED: Read from a secondary of the shard if available, otherwise from the shard primary.
: Read from any shard member.
PRIMARY = Primary()
PRIMARY_PREFERRED = PrimaryPreferred(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=-1, hedge=None)
SECONDARY = Secondary(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=-1, hedge=None)
NEAREST = Nearest(tag_sets=None, max_staleness=-1, hedge=None)

read_preferences – Utilities for choosing which member of a replica set to read from.

read_preferences – Utilities for choosing which member of a replica set to read from.

`read_preferences` – Utilities for choosing which member of a replica set to read from.