“引号，Double Quote,

!，Shebang, 执行脚本

号，Pound Sign，Number Sign or Hash Sign,

%号，Percent Sign, 常量

&号，Ampersand,

‘引号，Single Quote or Apostrophe, 继续Hello World

()括号，Parenthesis,

*号，Asterisk, 继续Hello World

.号，Period,

/斜线，Slash, 继续Hello World

1’s Complement,

1-bit Full Adder, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

1GL，1st Generation Programming Language,

2’s Complement, 2’s Complement表示法

2GL，2nd Generation Programming Language,

3GL，3rd Generation Programming Language, 程序和编程语言

4GL，4th Generation Programming Language,

5GL，5th Generation Programming Language, 程序和编程语言

9’s Complement,

:号，Colon, goto语句和标号

;号，Semicolon,

<>括号，Angel Bracket, 数学函数

?号，Question Mark,

[]括号，Bracket, 数组的基本概念

\斜线，Backslash,

_下划线，Underscore, 变量

{}括号，Brace or Curly Brace,

|线，Pipe Sign, 布尔代数

Θ-notation,

分页符，Form Feed, 继续Hello World

响铃，Alert or Bell,

回车，Carriage Return, 继续Hello World

垂直制表符，Vertical Tab,

换行符，Line Feed, 继续Hello World

水平制表符，Horizontal Tab,

空格，Blank, 第一个程序

退格，Backspace,

A

ABI，Application Binary Interface, 函数调用

Abstraction Layer,

Accumulator, while语句

Adapt,

Address, 内存与地址

Address Operator,

Address Space, CPU

Addressing Mode,

Algorithm, 算法的概念

Alignment,

Allocated Storage Duration, 变量的存储布局

Ambiguity，歧义,

Amortize, Memory Hierarchy

Anchor,

ANSI，American National Standards Institute, 继续Hello World

Append,

Architecture，体系结构, 程序和编程语言

Argument，实参,

Arithmetic Type, 复合类型与结构体

Array,

ASCII，American Standard Code for Information Interchange，美国信息交换标准码, 字符类型与字符编码

Assembler,

Assembler Directive, 最简单的汇编程序

(参见 Pseudo-operation)

Assembler，汇编器,

Assembly Language，汇编语言, 程序和编程语言

Assertion,

Assignment，赋值, 赋值

Associativity，结合性,

Asynchronous, 信号的基本概念

Automatic Storage Duration,

Average Case, 算法的时间复杂度分析

B

Backgroud,

Backward Compatibility, 继续Hello World

Base Case,

Base Pointer Addressing Mode, 寻址方式

Basic Multilingual Plane,

Batch, Shell的历史

Best Practice,

BFS，Breadth First Search, 队列与广度优先搜索

Biased Exponent,

Big Endian, CPU

Big-O notation,

Binary, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Binary File,

Binary Operator，双目运算符, 布尔代数

Binary Search,

Binary Tree, 二叉树的基本概念

Bit-field,

Bitwise AND, 按位与、或、异或、取反运算

Bitwise NOT,

Bitwise OR, 按位与、或、异或、取反运算

Bitwise Shift,

Bitwise XOR, 按位与、或、异或、取反运算

Bit，位,

Block, read/write,

Block Bitmap, 总体存储布局

Block Group,

Block Scope, 变量的存储布局

Boilerplate,

Boolean Algebra，布尔代数, 布尔代数

Boot Block,

Bootloader, 设备

Branch,

Break, 虚拟内存管理

Breakpoint,

BST，Binary Search Tree, 排序二叉树

Buffer,

Buffer Overflow, strcpy与strncpy

Bug,

Bus, CPU

Byte,

Byte Order, CPU

C

C89,

(参见 C90)

(参见 ISO/IEC 9899:1990)

C90, 继续Hello World

(参见 C89)

(参见 ISO/IEC 9899:1990)

C99,

(参见 ISO/IEC 9899:1999)

Cache, Memory Hierarchy

Cache Line,

Call by Value, 形参和实参

Callback Function,

Callee, 折半查找

Caller,

Calling Convention, 函数调用

CamelCase,

Carry, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Cast Operator,

Catch, 信号的基本概念

Ceiling,

Character, 常量

Character Class,

Character Encoding，字符编码, 字符类型与字符编码

Child Process,

Circular Linked List, 双向链表

Circular Queue,

Class Invariant, 堆栈

Clause,

Code Path, return语句

Coding Style，代码风格,

Coercion, 强制类型转换

(参见 Implicit Conversion)

Collision,

Column-major, 多维数组

Comma Operator,

Comment，注释, 第一个程序

Compiler，编译器,

Compile，编译, 程序和编程语言

Composition,

Compound Assignment Operator, 复合赋值运算符

Compound Literal,

Compound Type, 复合类型与结构体

Condition Variable,

Conditional Operator, 条件运算符

Constant Expression,

Constant，常量, 常量

Context，上下文,

Contract, 折半查找

Control Flow,

Controlling Expression, if语句

Controlling Terminal,

Conversion Specification, 常量

Core Dump,

CPU，Central Processing Unit，中央处理器, 计算机体系结构基础

(参见 Processor，处理器)

Current Working Directory, , 引言

D

Daemon,

Dangling-else, if/else语句

Data Abstraction,

Data Block, 总体存储布局

Data Structure,

Data-driven Programming, 多维数组

DbC，Design by Contract,

Dead Code, return语句

Debug，调试,

Decimal，十进制, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Declaration,

Declarative, 程序和编程语言

Decrement Operator,

Default Argument Promotion, Integer Promotion

Definition,

Delimiter, 继续Hello World,

dentry cache, 内核数据结构

Dequeue,

Dereference, 指针的基本概念

Designated Initializer,

Device, 设备

Device Driver,

DFS，Depth First Search, 深度优先搜索

Direct Addressing Mode,

Disassemble, 目标文件

Divide-and-Conquer,

DRAM，Dynamic RAM, Memory Hierarchy

Duff’s Device,

E

Echo, 终端登录过程

Element,

Encapsulate，封装, if/else语句

Encapsulation, , fopen/fclose

Enqueue,

Enumeration, 数据类型标志

Epoch, , 本节综合练习

Equality Operator,

Escape Sequence，转义序列, 继续Hello World

Exception, , MMU

Executable,

Exit Status, 自定义函数

Explicit Conversion,

Exponent, 浮点数

Export,

Extended ASCII, ASCII码

External Linkage,

F

Factorial, 递归

False,

Fetch, 计算机体系结构基础

FIFO，First In First Out,

File Descriptor, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

File Scope,

File Status Flag, fcntl

Filesystem Hierarchy Standard,

Flat, 嵌套结构体

Flip-flop,

Floating Point, 常量

Floor,

Flush, C标准库的I/O缓冲区

Foreground,

Formal Language，形式语言, 自然语言和形式语言

Format String，格式化字符串,

FPU，Floating Point Unit, 浮点型

Function Call，函数调用,

Function Designator, 数学函数

Function Prototype Scope,

Function Scope, 变量的存储布局

Function Type,

Function-like Macro, 函数式宏定义

Functional Programming,

Function，函数, 数学函数

G

Gate,

GCD，Greatest Common Divisor，最大公约数, 习题

GDT，Group Descriptor Table,

General-purpose Register, CPU

Generalize，泛化,

Generics Algorithm, 回调函数

Global Variable,

Globbing, 文件名代换（Globbing）：* ? []

Grammar，语法,

Greedy, sed

Group Descriptor,

Half Word, CPU

Handle,

(参见 Opaque Pointer)

Hard coding, 数组应用实例：统计随机数

Hard-float,

Header File，头文件, 数学函数

Header Guard,

Heap, 虚拟内存管理

Helper Function,

Heredoc，Here Document, 以字节为单位的I/O函数

Hexadecimal,

High-level Language，高级语言, 程序和编程语言

High-order Function,

Highlight，高亮显示, 变量

Histogram,

Hungarian notation, 标识符命名

I

Identifier,

IDE，Integrated Development Environment, 为什么要在Linux平台上学C语言？用Windows学C语言不好吗？

IEEE 1003.1,

(参见 POSIX.1)

IEEE 754, 浮点数

ILP32,

Immediate, 最简单的汇编程序

Immediate Mode,

Imperative, 程序和编程语言

Imperative Programming,

Implementation-defined, 整型

Implicit Conversion,

(参见 Coercion)

Implicit Declaration, 自定义函数

Implicit Rule,

Implied, 浮点数

Incremental, , 归并排序

Indent,

Index, 数组的基本概念

Indexed Addressing Mode,

Indirect Addressing Mode, 寻址方式

Indirect Block,

Indirection Operator, 指针的基本概念

Infinite Loop,

Infinite recursion, 递归

Initialization，初始化,

Initializer, 赋值

Inline Assembly,

inline function, 内联函数

inode,

inode Bitmap, 总体存储布局

inode Table,

Input，输入, 程序和编程语言

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,

Instruction Decoder, CPU

Instruction Set，指令集,

Instruction，指令, 程序和编程语言

Integer,

Integer Conversion Rank, Usual Arithmetic Conversion

Integer Promotion,

Integer Type, 字符类型与字符编码

Interactive,

Interface, 形参和实参

Internal Linkage,

Internet Super-Server, 网络登录过程

Interpreter，解释器,

Interpret，解释, 程序和编程语言

Interrupt,

Inverter, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

IPC，InterProcess Communication,

ISO 10646, Unicode和UTF-8

ISO/IEC 9899:1990,

(参见 C89)

(参见 C90)

ISO/IEC 9899:1999, 继续Hello World

(参见 C99)

ISR，Interrupt Service Routine,

Iteration, while语句

J

Job,

Job Control, Session与进程组

K

k-th Order Statistic,

Kernel, 设备

Key-value Pair, , 本节综合练习

Keyword，关键字,

(参见 Reserved Word，保留字)

L

Label, goto语句和标号

Leap of Faith,

Lexical，词法, 自然语言和形式语言

LIFO，Last In First Out,

Line Discipline, 终端登录过程

Linear Function,

Linkage, 变量的存储布局

Linker Script,

Linker，或Link Editor, 最简单的汇编程序

Literal，字面,

Little Endian, CPU

Load,

Loader, ELF文件

Local Variable，局部变量,

Locality, Memory Hierarchy

Logical AND,

Logical NOT, 布尔代数

Logical OR,

Loop Invariant, 插入排序

Loop Variable,

Loop，循环, while语句

Low Coupling, High Cohesion,

Low-level Language，低级语言, 程序和编程语言

LP64,

LSB，Least Significant Bit, 不同进制之间的换算

lvalue，左值,

M

Machine Language，机器语言, 程序和编程语言

Macro,

Maintenance, 折半查找

Mantissa,

(参见 Significand)

Mask, 掩码

Mathematical Induction,

Member, 复合类型与结构体

Memberwise Initialization,

Memory, 计算机体系结构基础

Memory Hierarchy,

Memory Leak, malloc与free

Metaphor，隐喻,

MMU，Memory Management Unit，内存管理单元, MMU

Mnemonic，助记符,

Modulo, if/else语句

MSB，Most Significant Bit,

Multi-dimensional Array, 多维数组

Multibyte Character,

Multiplex, 网络登录过程

Mutex，Mutual Exclusive Lock,

N

Name Space, 变量的存储布局

Natural Language，自然语言,

Necessary Condition, 全局变量、局部变量和作用域

Nest，嵌套,

No Linkage, 变量的存储布局

Node,

Non-printable Character, 字符类型与字符编码

Non-volatile Memory,

Nonblock I/O, open/close

Normalize,

Null Character, 字符类型与字符编码

Null Statement,

Null-terminated String, 字符串

O

Object File,

(参见 Relocatable)

Object-like Macro, 函数式宏定义

Octal,

Offset, 以字节为单位的I/O函数

Old Style C,

Opaque Pointer, fopen/fclose

(参见 Handle)

Operand，操作数,

Operating System, 程序和编程语言,

Operator，运算符, 表达式

Out-of-band,

Output，输出, 程序和编程语言

Overflow,

Override, 作为交互登录Shell启动，或者使用—login参数启动

Padding,

Page Frame，页帧, MMU

Page in,

Page out, 虚拟内存管理

Page Table,

Page，页, MMU

Paging，换页,

Parameter，形参, 形参和实参

Parent Process,

Parity, if/else语句

Parity Check,

Parse，解析, 自然语言和形式语言

Pattern,

PA，Physical Address，物理地址, MMU

PCB，Process Control Block,

PC，Program Counter, CPU

Placeholder,

Plane, Unicode和UTF-8

Platform Independent，平台无关的,

Pointer, 堆栈

Poll,

Pop, 堆栈

Portable，可移植,

Position Independent Code, 编译、链接、运行

Positional Parameter,

POSIX.1, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

(参见 IEEE 1003.1)

POSIX，Portable Operating System Interface,

Post-mortem Debug, 通过终端按键产生信号

Postcondition,

Postfix Decrement Operator, for语句

Postfix Increment Operator,

Precondition , 折半查找

Predecessor,

Prededence，优先级, 表达式

Predicate,

Prefix Increment Operator, for语句

Preprocess,

Preprocessing Directive, 数组应用实例：统计随机数

Prerequisite,

Primitive Type, 复合类型与结构体

Privileged Mode,

Procedure Abstraction, 复合类型与结构体

Process,

Process Descriptor, C标准I/O库函数与Unbuffered I/O函数

Process Group,

Process Group Leader, Session与进程组

Processor，处理器,

(参见 CPU，Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)

Programming Language，编程语言, 程序和编程语言

Program，程序,

Prototype, 自定义函数

Pseudo TTY,

Pseudo-operation, 最简单的汇编程序

(参见 Assembler Directive)

Pseudocode,

Pseudorandom, 数组应用实例：统计随机数

PTY Master,

PTY Slave, 网络登录过程

Push,

Q

Quadratic Function, 算法的时间复杂度分析

Quantifier,

R

Race Condition, 竞态条件与sigsuspend函数

Radix,

Random Access Memory, Memory Hierarchy

Rationale,

Recurrence, 归并排序

Recursive,

Redundancy，冗余, 自然语言和形式语言

Redundant Array of Independent Disks，独立磁盘冗余阵列,

Reference, 指针的基本概念

Reference Count,

Register, CPU

Register Addressing Mode,

Regular Expression, 引言

Regular File,

Relational Operator, if语句

Release,

Relocatable, ELF文件

(参见 Object File)

Remainder,

Reserved Word，保留字, 变量

(参见 Keyword，关键字)

Resource Limit,

Return Value，返回值, 数学函数

Reuse,

Ripple Carry Adder, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

Row-major,

Rule, 基本规则

Rule of Least Surprise,

Run-time，运行时, 程序的调试

Running,

rvalue，右值, 表达式

(参见 Value，值)

S

Scaffold,

Scalar Type, 复合类型与结构体

Scientific Notation,

Scope, 变量的存储布局

Script,

Section, 最简单的汇编程序

Sector,

sed，Stream Editor, sed

Seed,

Segment, ELF文件

Selection Statement,

Semantic，语义, 自然语言和形式语言

Semaphore,

Sentinel, 指向指针的指针与指针数组

Sequence Point,

Session, Session与进程组

Session Leader,

Shared Object，or Shared Library, ELF文件

Short-circuit,

Side Effect, 数学函数

Sign and Magnitude,

Sign Bit, Sign and Magnitude表示法

Sign Extension,

Signal Mask, 信号在内核中的表示

Signed Number,

Significance Loss, 浮点数

Significand,

(参见 Mantissa)

Single Linked List, 单链表

Single Pass,

Sleep, read/write

Slot,

Soft-float, 浮点型

Source Code，源代码,

Sparse, 复合类型与结构体

Special Case,

Special-purpose Register, CPU

SQL，Structured Query Language，结构化查询语言,

SRAM，Static RAM, Memory Hierarchy

Stack,

Stack Frame, 递归

Standalone,

Standard Error, stdin/stdout/stderr

Standard Input,

Standard Output, stdin/stdout/stderr

Startup Routine,

Statement, 程序和编程语言

Statement Block,

Static Storage Duration, 变量的存储布局

Stem,

Storage Class Specifier, 变量的存储布局

Storage Duration，or Lifetime,

Stratify, 增量式开发

Stream,

String Literal, 继续Hello World

Structure,

Substring, 搜索字符串

Successor,

Sufficient Condition, 全局变量、局部变量和作用域

Super Block,

Surrogate Pair, Unicode和UTF-8

SUS，Single UNIX Specification,

Swap Device，交换设备, 虚拟内存管理

Symbol,

Syntax，语法, 自然语言和形式语言

System Call,

T

Tag, 复合类型与结构体

Target,

Terminal, stdin/stdout/stderr

Ternary Operator,

Text File, 文件的基本概念

The Open Group,

Tight Loop, read/write

Timing,

Token, 自然语言和形式语言

Translation Unit,

Traversal, 数组的基本概念

Trigraph,

True, if语句

Truncate, , open/close

Truncate toward Zero,

Truth Table，真值表, 布尔代数

Type,

Type Cast, 强制类型转换

Type Qualifier,

U

UCS-2, Unicode和UTF-8

UCS-4,

UCS，Universal Character Set, Unicode和UTF-8

Unary Operator，单目运算符,

Unbound Pointer, 指针的基本概念

Unbuffered I/O,

Undefined, 整型

Underflow,

Unicode, Unicode和UTF-8

Unicode Transformation Format,

Uniform Distribution, 数组应用实例：统计随机数

Unsigned Number,

Unspecified, 整型

Upper Bound,

User Mode, MMU

Usual Arithmetic Conversion,

UTC，Coordinated Universal Time, 本节综合练习

UTF-16,

UTF-32, Unicode和UTF-8

UTF-8,

V

Value-result, 传入参数与传出参数

Value，值,

(参见 rvalue，右值)

Variable Argument, 形参和实参

Variable，变量,

VA，Virtual Address，虚拟地址, MMU

VFS，Virtual Filesystem,

Virtual Memory Management，虚拟内存管理, MMU

Virtual Terminal,

VLA，Variable Length Array, 数组的基本概念

Volatile Memory,

Von Neumann Architecture, 计算机体系结构基础

W

Watchpoint,

Whitespace, 字符类型与字符编码

Wide Character,

Wildcard, 文件名代换（Globbing）：* ? []

Wire,

Word, CPU

Worst Case,

XOR，eXclusive OR, 为什么计算机用二进制计数

XSI，X/Open System Interface,

Z

Zombie, wait和waitpid函数